Combinational vs Sequential Circuits

Combinational Circuits:

• 1. No memory elements.
• 2. Output depends only on current input.
• 3. No clock signal required.
• 4. Generally simpler to design.
• 5. Examples: Logic gates (AND, OR, NOT), multiplexers, demultiplexers.
• 6. Output changes immediately with input changes.
• 7. No feedback loops.
• 8. Used in circuits where output depends solely on input (e.g., arithmetic circuits).

Sequential Circuits:

• 1. Has memory elements (e.g., flip-flops).
• 2. Output depends on current input and previous state.
• 3. Clock signal often required to synchronize operations.
• 4. More complex to design due to memory elements.
• 5. Examples: Flip-flops, counters, registers, finite state machines.
• 6. Output changes at specific times (e.g., clock edges).
• 7. Often uses feedback loops to maintain state.
• 8. Used in circuits that require memory or sequential logic (e.g., counters, controllers).