The Creation and Termination of Processes

Creation and Termination of Processes

Process Creation

• A process is created when a program is executed.
• The operating system allocates resources, such as memory and CPU time.
• The process is added to the process table.
• Types of process creation:
  • Fork: A new process is created by duplicating an existing process.
  • Exec: A new process is created by replacing the memory image of an existing process.

Process Termination

• A process terminates when it completes its execution or is interrupted.
• The operating system reclaims resources, such as memory and CPU time.
• The process is removed from the process table.
• Types of process termination:
  • Normal termination: The process completes its execution and terminates normally.
  • Abnormal termination: The process is terminated due to an error or exception.

Process Termination Methods

• Exit: The process calls the exit system call to terminate itself.
• Kill: Another process sends a signal to terminate the process.
• Abort: The operating system terminates the process due to an error or exception.

Importance of Process Creation and Termination

• Enable multitasking: Process creation and termination enable multiple processes to run concurrently.
• Improve system performance: Process creation and termination help the operating system manage resources efficiently.
• Enhance system stability: Process creation and termination help the operating system handle errors and exceptions.