Types of RAM and ROM

RAM and ROM

RAM (Random Access Memory)

• Definition: A type of computer memory that stores data and program instructions that the CPU uses while running applications.
• Characteristics:
  • Volatile: loses data when power is turned off.
  • Fast access: provides quick access to data and instructions.
  • Random access: allows CPU to access any location directly.
• Types:
  • DRAM (Dynamic RAM): needs periodic refresh to maintain data.
  • SRAM (Static RAM): faster and more expensive than DRAM.

ROM (Read-Only Memory)

• Definition: A type of non-volatile memory that stores permanent data and instructions.
• Characteristics:
  • Non-volatile: retains data even when power is turned off.
  • Read-only: data cannot be modified or deleted.
• Types:
  • MROM (Mask ROM): programmed during manufacturing.
  • PROM (Programmable ROM): can be programmed once by user.
  • EPROM (Erasable PROM): can be erased and reprogrammed.
  • EEPROM (Electrically Erasable PROM): can be erased and reprogrammed electrically.

Comparison

• RAM: used for temporary storage of data and program instructions.
• ROM: used for permanent storage of data and instructions.